TA07 "Select Channels and Affordances"
Belongs to phase P02 Prepare
Summary: Selecting platforms and affordances assesses which online or offline platforms and their associated affordances maximize an influence operation’s ability to reach its target audience. To select the most appropriate platform(s), an operation may assess the technological affordances including platform algorithms, terms of service, permitted content types, or other attributes that determine platform usability and accessibility. Selecting platforms includes both choosing platforms on which the operation will publish its own content and platforms on which the operation will attempt to restrict adversarial content.
| TA07 Tasks | ||
| disarm_id | name | summary |
| TK0037 | OPSEC for TA07 | OPSEC for TA07 |
| TA07 Techniques | ||
| disarm_id | name | summary |
| T0029 | Online polls | Create fake online polls, or manipulate existing online polls. Data gathering tactic to target those who engage, and potentially their networks of friends/followers as well |
| T0043 | Chat apps | Direct messaging via chat app is an increasing method of delivery. These messages are often automated and new delivery and storage methods make them anonymous, viral, and ephemeral. This is a difficult space to monitor, but also a difficult space to build acclaim or notoriety. |
| T0043.001 | Use Encrypted Chat Apps | Examples include Signal, WhatsApp, Discord, Wire, etc. |
| T0043.002 | Use Unencrypted Chats Apps | Examples include SMS, etc. |
| T0103 | Livestream | A livestream refers to an online broadcast capability that allows for real-time communication to closed or open networks. |
| T0103.001 | Video Livestream | A video livestream refers to an online video broadcast capability that allows for real-time communication to closed or open networks. |
| T0103.002 | Audio Livestream | An audio livestream refers to an online audio broadcast capability that allows for real-time communication to closed or open networks. |
| T0104 | Social Networks | Social media are interactive digital channels that facilitate the creation and sharing of information, ideas, interests, and other forms of expression through virtual communities and networks. |
| T0104.001 | Mainstream Social Networks | Examples include Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, etc. |
| T0104.002 | Dating Apps | A video livestream refers to an online video broadcast capability that allows for real-time communication to closed or open networks. Examples include Facebook Live, Instagram, Youtube, Tik Tok, and Twitter. |
| T0104.003 | Private/Closed Social Networks | An audio livestream refers to an online audio broadcast capability that allows for real-time communication to closed or open networks. Examples include Twitter Spaces, |
| T0104.004 | Interest-Based Networks | Examples include smaller and niche networks including Gettr, Truth Social, Parler, etc. |
| T0104.005 | Use hashtags | Use a dedicated, existing hashtag for the campaign/incident. |
| T0104.006 | Create dedicated hashtag | Create a campaign/incident specific hashtag. |
| T0105 | Media Sharing Networks | Media sharing networks refer to services whose primary function is the hosting and sharing of specific forms of media. Examples include Instagram, Snapchat, TikTok, Youtube, SoundCloud. |
| T0105.001 | Photo Sharing | Examples include Instagram, Snapchat, Flickr, etc |
| T0105.002 | Video Sharing | Examples include Youtube, TikTok, ShareChat, Rumble, etc |
| T0105.003 | Audio sharing | Examples include podcasting apps, Soundcloud, etc. |
| T0106 | Discussion Forums | Platforms for finding, discussing, and sharing information and opinions. Examples include Reddit, Quora, Digg, message boards, interest-based discussion forums, etc. |
| T0106.001 | Anonymous Message Boards | Examples include the Chans |
| T0107 | Bookmarking and Content Curation | Platforms for searching, sharing, and curating content and media. Examples include Pinterest, Flipboard, etc. |
| T0108 | Blogging and Publishing Networks | Examples include WordPress, Blogger, Weebly, Tumblr, Medium, etc. |
| T0109 | Consumer Review Networks | Platforms for finding, reviewing, and sharing information about brands, products, services, restaurants, travel destinations, etc. Examples include Yelp, TripAdvisor, etc. |
| T0110 | Formal Diplomatic Channels | Leveraging formal, traditional, diplomatic channels to communicate with foreign governments (written documents, meetings, summits, diplomatic visits, etc). This type of diplomacy is conducted by diplomats of one nation with diplomats and other officials of another nation or international organization. |
| T0111 | Traditional Media | Examples include TV, Newspaper, Radio, etc. |
| T0111.001 | TV | TV |
| T0111.002 | Newspaper | Newspaper |
| T0111.003 | Radio | Radio |
| T0112 | Delivering content and narratives via email. This can include using list management or high-value individually targeted messaging. | |
| TA07 Counters | ||
| disarm_id | name | summary |
| C00090 | Fake engagement system | Create honeypots for misinformation creators to engage with, and reduce the resources they have available for misinformation campaigns. |
| C00097 | Require use of verified identities to contribute to poll or comment | Reduce poll flooding by online taking comments or poll entries from verified accounts. |
| C00098 | Revocation of allowlisted or "verified" status | remove blue checkmarks etc from known misinformation accounts. |
| C00099 | Strengthen verification methods | Improve content veerification methods available to groups, individuals etc. |
| C00101 | Create friction by rate-limiting engagement | Create participant friction. Includes Make repeat voting hard, and throttle number of forwards. |
| C00103 | Create a bot that engages / distract trolls | This is reactive, not active measure (honeypots are active). It's a platform controlled measure. |
| C00105 | Buy more advertising than misinformation creators | Shift influence and algorithms by posting more adverts into spaces than misinformation creators. |
| C00195 | Redirect searches away from disinformation or extremist content | Use Google AdWords to identify instances in which people search Google about particular fake-news stories or propaganda themes. Includes Monetize centrist SEO by subsidizing the difference in greater clicks towards extremist content. |
| TA07 Detections | ||
| disarm_id | name | summary |
| F00041 | Bias detection | Not technically left of boom |
| F00042 | Categorize polls by intent | Use T00029, but against the creators |
| F00043 | Monitor for creation of fake known personas | Platform companies and some information security companies (e.g. ZeroFox) do this. |
| F00080 | Hack the polls/ content yourself | Two wrongs don't make a right? But if you hack your own polls, you do learn how it could be done, and learn what to look for |
| F00094 | Registries alert when large batches of newsy URLs get registered together | |